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Validating a Molecular Thyroid Test for Avoiding Diagnostic Surgery

Evidence suggests that thyroid nodules are common in the general population, with incidence increasing with age. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a commonly used biopsy tool for diagnosing thyroid nodules. However, thyroid FNA cytology yields an indeterminate result for about 20% of nodules, preventing a definitive diagnosis and hampering patient management.

In recent years, molecular testing has been developed to fill this diagnostic gap for indeterminate thyroid nodules. Despite advancements, molecular tests have lacked high specificity and positive predictive value, adequate clinical validation, and refined cancer risk by specific molecular alteration. A newly developed thyroid test—ThyroSeq v3 Genomic Classifier (GC)—was recently assessed in a prospective, blinded, multicenter clinical validation, and the results were published in JAMA Oncology.

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